Emerald is a highly sought-after precious gemstone of vibrant green color. This enchanting stone has besotted human beings for hundreds of years and countless people have been smitten by its magical charm.
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Green is the color of nature which lives & breathes through the green leaves, and the green grass. The rich green color of emerald gemstones is the color of spring. As such they have always symbolized love, rebirth & eternal youth.
Called the “Stone of Successful Love,” Emerald opens and nourishes the heart. Its soothing energy brings freshness and vigor to the spirit. It is believed to be a stone of inspiration and patience. It is also a stone of great vision and intuition. It is a stone of wisdom, enhancing memory and increasing mental clarity. Traditionally it was used as a protection against enchantment and spells. The stone has been a spring of reverence & fascination in many cultures for time immemorial.
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In fact this is the only gemstone to have a color named after itself ’emerald green’. The Pantone fashion company declared this green as the 2013 Color of the Year. The color has been described as “Lively. Radiant. Lush…a color of elegance and beauty.
The name of this gemstone stems from the Greek word smaragdos through the old French Esmeralde, which means ‘Green Gemstone’.
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Emerald is a variety of the mineral Beryl which has the chemical formula of Be3Al2(SiO3)6 beryllium aluminum cyclosilicate. Pure Beryl is colorless and the gemstone gets its stunning green color from the touch of impurities of chromium (or less frequently vanadium) in its molecular structure.
Emeralds have been recognized by mankind and prized as a gemstones since ancient times when they were found only in Egypt. The Egyptians from the time of Cleopatra quarried it under the scorching desert heat and fear of poisonous snakes and scorpions. But close to the year 1492 onward they began to arrive from other territories of the world.
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Like all gemstones, the factors which determine the quality of emeralds and their selling price are Color, Clarity, Cut and Carat weight. Its color determines the quality of an emerald far more than anything else. In addition you should know about Treatments, Synthetics & Imitations as well as meanings and symbology associated with this gemstone.
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The Color Attribute: |
Quality emeralds are deep rich grassy green and effervescent in color while lesser emeralds are paler and less brilliant.
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There are further elements within the color factor which have to be given consideration like the hue of the stone which includes tints other than green; the tone of the color which range from dark to light shade; and saturation meaning the purity of the color and the scale of the mixed secondary hues. Yellow and blue are the normal secondary hues observed in this gemstone.
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The Clarity Attribute: |
The same mammoth geological forces and pressures that aid the formation of emeralds also lead to fissures and inclusions in the gemstone, and nearly all Emeralds come with inclusions and fissures. It is very rare to come across an emerald that is absolutely clear and such a gemstone commands a heavy premium. At the same time an absolutely clear stone makes it suspect of being a man made one.
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As opposed to diamonds which are examined under ten times magnification to find inclusions, eye clean emeralds with inclusions not noticeable to the naked eye are deemed flawless. But connoisseurs prefer emeralds with at least a few inclusions as an evidence of their authenticity.
A few inclusions are anticipated and do not take away from the value of the stone as much as with other gemstones and emeralds rank among the topmost precious gemstones of the world in spite of the flaws and inclusions. However, you should make sure that fissures do not go too deep into the stone weakening it and making it prone to splitting.
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It is pertinent to note that certain specific types of inclusions (For eg. In case of the Trapiche Emeralds) may also add to the value of emeralds.
A very rare kind of this gem known as the ‘Trapiche Emerald’ is found only in the Muzo mining district of Colombia. This peculiar gemstone is distinguished by ray like inclusions originating from its center in a hexagonal pattern resembling the spokes of a wheel. The phenomenon is caused by coal-like shale inclusions that happen to form in the wheel-spoke pattern. Trapiche is the Spanish word for the cogwheel used to crush sugarcane.
There are at least 4 types of Trapiche Emeralds:
- Black spokes originating from a hexagonal, black-bordered core
- Black spokes originating from a solid black core
- Core-less with the 6 spokes converging in the center
- Core and spokes with sandstone in between (Reverse Trapiche)
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The Cut Attribute: |
An Emerald should be well cut to give it the maximum glow and sparkle. Nevertheless, the cut is not as important in this case as with other gemstones. Emeralds are mostly valued on the basis of their color. Moreover, this gem is usually too included to sparkle. For making a wise choice it is essential for you to understand the difference between a good and a bad cut.
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In an effectively cut emerald you should not be able to look though the stone but rather the light should be reflected back at you. You should steer clear of emeralds with uneven facets. Twirl the stone around, and verify that each facet reflects light like a well polished mirror with no rough or dull blemishes.
Due to the inherent inclusions, cutting an emerald is a challenging job for every craftsman. The shape “emerald cut” which is in style now for diamonds as well as other gemstones was in reality originally developed for emeralds. It is a rectangular or square cut with cut corners. The facets are broad with flat planes resembling the steps of a stair. This cut brings out the magnificence of this valuable gemstone to the optimum and at the same time protects it during an accidental impact.
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The cabochon cut is another type of gemstone cut given normally to emeralds. Its relative crystal non-uniformity makes emeralds more likely than other gemstones to be cut into cabochons, rather than faceted shapes.
Emeralds of large carat size (over 10 cts) are incredibly rare making them exorbitantly priced. Virtually all of such gemstones occupy pride of place in museums, crown jewels, royal collections or the jewelry boxes of the elite.
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Emeralds over 3 cts are rare too and available in the price range of thousands of dollars. A good quality emerald of any size is valuable, but the price drops substantially for stones weighing less than half carat.
Price changes considerably with minor difference in weight which is why emeralds are restricted to few standard shapes. The volume lost in cutting would lead to decline in value.
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Treatments Synthetics And Imitations: |
Nearly every emerald undergoes some kind of treatment before being set into jewelry. Some of these treatments are conventionally accepted while some are considered fraudulent. Also, emeralds are commonly synthesized in labs for the high value they command. A dishonest seller may also try to sell of some other gemstone and pass it off as emerald.
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Emeralds are inherently full of cracks and fissures. As such, they are treated by immersing them in colorless oil or resin to fill up the fissures and enhance clarity & durability. This is an accepted practice in gem trade as long as it is openly declared.
While filling of cracks is acceptable for improving clarity, sometimes it is also used for improving color by using green dyed oil is. This is considered as deceptive practice. It is better to steer clear of such “dyed” emeralds. This treatment is detectable under 10X magnification.
Artificial emeralds are also manufactured today by recreating the atmospheric conditions contributing to formation of emerald in a lab with selected elements. They come under various names like “created, “lab,” “synthetic,” “Chatham” etc.
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These stones are “real” emeralds in the sense that they are made up of the same mineral; the distinction being they were man-made in a laboratory instead of being born in the womb of mother earth.
Synthetic emeralds are usually much clearer than natural ones, being virtually inclusion free. You can find deep alluring colors in synthetic emeralds. Also, you can acquire them at around one tenth the cost of a natural emerald with similar characteristics.
Don’t clean your emeralds either with hot soapy water or steam or in an ultrasonic cleaner because the oil or resin used in treatment could be removed or damaged, making fissures more visible. Luckily, it is possible to have emeralds re-oiled. Emeralds are sturdy gemstones with a hardness of 7.5 to 8. However, emeralds should generally be treated with care and sheltered from accidental clashing with other objects.
Use water at room temperature and a very a tender brush to gently clean your this gemstone. Complete the cleaning quickly without prolonged exposure of the gem to water.
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Cleopatra’s love for emeralds was legendary. Mummies in ancient Egypt were frequently buried with an emerald on their necks, the flourishing green a symbol of eternal youth. The Mogul emperors of India, including Shah Jahan who built The Taj Mahal, fancied emeralds so much they inscribed them with sacred text and wore them as lucky charms. Another mogul emperor Jahangir owned a drinking cup carved out of emerald.
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Emerald is considered as the traditional birthstone for May, as well as the traditional gemstone for the astrological signs of Taurus, Cancer and sometimes Gemini. In some cultures, this gemstone is the traditional gift for the fifty-fifth wedding anniversary.
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